“Industrialization is emerging as the only sustainable approach”: interview with Felipe Savassi

Felipe Savassi stands out as a mix of designer and communicator in the Brazilian architectural scene. He shares his passion for architecture and his entrepreneurial vision with thousands of students and followers of him on social networks, through content that seeks to promote an approach focused on promoting industrialized and modular construction. Graduated in Architecture and Urban Planning from the Isabela Hendrix Institute in Belo Horizonte, his professional work is based on four essential pillars: conception and execution of architectural projects, education, tutoring and consulting, in addition to a strong commitment to communication and dissemination of content.

The construction sector is notoriously traditional and resistant to change. Therefore, communication is a central pillar of my strategy. To confront challenges and overcome current barriers, such as deep-rooted biases and outdated practices, it is crucial to prioritize education and promote open dialogue. My commitment is to demonstrate that there are innovative and effective construction methods. There is a demand in the market for solutions that address the recurring problems of conventional construction, such as delays, cost overruns, waste and lack of consistency in quality, in addition to the shortage of skilled labor. Industrialization emerges as the only sustainable approach to drive the sector forward. – Felipe Savassi

In the following interview, he shares a comprehensive view on the possibilities for change in the construction sector, with a specific focus on the opportunities to make processes more efficient and industrialized in the Brazilian context.

Eduardo Souza (ArchDaily): How do you see the need for a change in the Brazilian mentality regarding the adoption of modular architecture, considering the predominance of traditional construction techniques and the growing shortage of qualified labor?

Felipe Savassi: It is true that the civil construction sector has been one of those that has evolved the least in recent decades, and this is due to a series of factors. Craft techniques and high demand for labor have undermined the productivity and efficiency of the sector, causing delays, inflated budgets and compromised quality. In addition, there is a considerable environmental impact: around 30% of the materials used are wasted. The workforce challenge is particularly serious as we are not seeing the necessary renewal in the younger generations, who are reluctant to work in adverse conditions and with unsatisfactory salaries. Studies indicate a possible labor “blackout” in the coming years if the market continues to grow without significant changes. The industrialization of construction processes, including modular architecture, is presented as the most viable solution to overcome these obstacles and modernize the sector.

Modular architecture, in developed countries, is usually associated with efficiency and quality due to specialized labor. In Brazil, resistance to change is partly cultural and partly economic.

Traditional construction techniques, although initially cheaper, generate significant indirect costs such as delays, wasted materials, and inconsistent quality. The adoption of modular architecture in Brazil is an urgent need, not only to improve the efficiency and sustainability of the sector, but also to address the growing shortage of skilled labor. The transition to more modern, industrialized construction practices can be accelerated through government incentives, investments in technical education, and a change in public perception about modular construction.

ES: In relation to modular constructions, which of the most effective solutions (internal or external) have you seen work successfully? What are the main ingredients for a successful project?

FS: The modular solutions that have proven most effective are those that combine flexibility, sustainability and adaptability. Hybrid construction, which integrates modular elements with traditional techniques, has stood out for its ability to adapt to the specific needs of each project.

Key ingredients for a successful modular project include detailed planning, collaboration between all parties involved, the use of high-quality materials, and a controlled manufacturing process.

Additionally, the ability to customize and scale solutions based on project demands is crucial. The key is the flexibility to choose the degree of industrialization that offers the best return on investment, whether it is 10%, 50% or even 100% of the project. The modular approach should be viewed as a spectrum of possibilities, not a one-size-fits-all solution.

ES: How can modular constructions be adapted to face extreme weather conditions, such as intense heat or cold, humidity, among others? And how durable can they be?

FS: Modularity offers highly adaptable solutions to deal with extreme weather conditions. The use of isothermal panels, such as SIP (Structural Insulated Panels), provides superior thermal performance, being up to five times more efficient than traditional masonry. For extreme climates, whether cold or hot, it is essential to reinforce closure and insulation solutions, increasing the thickness and density of components to improve performance. In the case of humidity, the strategy involves avoiding direct contact of the buildings with the ground, elevating them at least 50 cm above ground level and applying appropriate waterproofing treatments. Additionally, most materials used in modular construction are water repellent, which contributes to better moisture management.

Modular structures are designed to meet or exceed established performance standards, such as NBR 15575, guaranteeing a minimum useful life of 50 years. In challenging climatic conditions, such as coastal areas with sea air or locations with high humidity or high temperatures, additional care is required in the selection of materials and protection systems. Industrialized components and systems tend to have greater durability and lower maintenance requirements than traditional constructions. For example, industrialized components for facades in coastal areas can offer guarantees of up to 30 years on paint, unlike traditional solutions that require frequent maintenance.

For transportation, the most effective materials for a modular home are those that, when properly calculated and specified, maintain structural integrity during movement and assembly. Steel, engineered wood, and concrete are commonly used due to their strength and durability. Correct specification ensures that materials withstand the stresses of transport and lifting without compromising the final structure.

ES: How can technologies such as 3D printing and artificial intelligence impact the construction field?

FS: 3D printing has the potential to revolutionize modular construction by enabling the manufacturing of custom components with precision and efficiency. The technique is particularly beneficial for producing panelized components that can be transported and assembled on site, streamlining the process and reducing the need to transport heavy equipment. The combination of 3D printing with other systems and materials results in hybrid solutions that can offer excellent cost-effectiveness and flexibility in the final building design.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming a transformative factor in modular construction, with a significant impact on various stages of the construction process. In design, AI can help optimize projects, simulate energy performance and integrate building systems, ensuring efficiency from conception. In manufacturing, you can improve the precision of produced components, reduce material waste, and speed up production through advanced automation. In assembly, AI contributes to logistics, coordinating the delivery and assembly of modules more efficiently, in addition to providing robotic assistance on site, improving safety and speed of execution. Artificial intelligence will mean a significant change in several areas, and its impact on civil construction, especially architecture, where I work directly, will be especially notable.

I believe that the architect’s job will be one of the most impacted by the use of AI. Our way of operating will undergo a significant transformation and those who are not prepared for it will surely be left out of the market.

It is essential to understand that modular and industrialized construction does not require an absolute approach; It is flexible and adaptable. The integration of modular systems can vary according to the specific needs of each project, allowing a fluid transition between traditional and modern methods. This flexibility is crucial for market acceptance, especially given the shortage of skilled labor. Modularity is not a single solution, but rather a spectrum of options that can be adapted to optimize construction, making it more sustainable, efficient and accessible. As the industry advances, the adoption of modular and industrialized practices will become increasingly common, driving innovation and evolution in the construction sector.

This article is part of ArchDaily’s topics: Modular Housing. Each month we explore a topic in depth through articles, interviews, news and architecture projects. We invite you to learn more about our topics. And, as always, at ArchDaily we value the contributions of our readers. If you want to submit an article or project, contact us.