The mouth breathing In children it is a habit that may seem harmless, but has significant implications for their health and development. Although breathing through the nose is common and beneficial, many children breathe through the mouth due to various obstructions or conditions. This habit should not be taken lightly, as it can lead to dental, respiratory and facial development problems.
When air is inhaled through the nose, it begins a journey that passes through the nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and finally reaches the lungs. During this journey, the air is humidified, heated and filtered, which guarantees that it arrives in optimal conditions for breathing. One of the key elements in this process are the ciliasmall hair-like structures located in the mucosa of the respiratory tract that trap unwanted particles and remove them from the system. These almost serpentine movements of the cilia are essential for keeping the airways clean and avoiding infection.
The study of cilia shows that these structures have the ability to move at high speed, covering a wide range of space to trap and stop harmful particles such as dust, pollen, bacteria and viruses. This defense mechanism turns the nose into a highly effective natural filter, something that the mouth breathing. Additionally, breathing through the nose increases the production of Nitric oxide in the paranasal sinuses, a gas that facilitates the circulation and absorption of oxygen in the lungs and strengthens the immune system, since it has antibacterial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties.
The benefits of nasal breathing They are remarkable. The air we inhale through the nose is warmed and humidified, which improves respiratory health. Additionally, the hairs in the nostrils act as a first line of defense against viruses, bacteria and other pathogens.
The signs to detect if a child is mouth respirator They include sleeping with the mouth open, snoring at night, having dark circles and a flat cheekbone area, and suffering from frequent infections such as otitis and tonsillitis, according to the Spanish Pediatric Association. Other indicators are an open mouth during the day, atypical swallowing, and the tendency to lift the chin and forward the neck to breathe better.
Between the causes of mouth breathing Highlights include allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, deviation of the nasal septum, respiratory infections, and excessive size of vegetations or tonsils. Muscle hypotonia can also play a role, making the proper functioning of the airways difficult.
As for the problems associated with chronic mouth breathing, facial deformation and dental problems are included. The constant opening of the mouth can alter facial development and cause an elongated face, cheekbones without projection, dark circles, a receding chin, a drooping or hooked nose, narrow nostrils, and a gummy smile. This deformation can lead to open bites, bacteria accumulation, cavities, bad breath and dry mouth.
Other critical problem It is sleep apnea, which involves breathing pauses during the night and affects the quality of sleep and oxygenation of the brain. These apneas can cause deterioration in the prefrontal cortex of the brain, responsible for learning, and increase levels of cortisol and adrenaline, resulting in symptoms of hyperactivity and anxiety.
The relationship between mouth breathing and behavioral problems and fatigue It’s clear. A child who does not breathe well does not sleep well, leading to irritability, stress, drowsiness and constant fatigue. In addition, they are more prone to ear infections and chronic otitis.
Treatments for mouth breathing in children They cover several medical specialties. Otorhinolaryngologists evaluate the airways and may suggest reduction of tonsils or adenoids in cases of obstruction. Orthodontists can work on rapid maxillary expansion to widen the nasal passages and improve nasal breathing. This procedure is painless and quick, with visible results in a few weeks, and the stability of the treatment is ensured through retention phases that solidify the bone.
The orofacial myofunctional therapy, led by speech therapists, helps modify mouth breathing habits through exercises that teach correct tongue posture and improve the ability to breathe, swallow and speak. These exercises are important to restore proper nasal breathing and avoid future complications.
The importance of addressing the mouth breathing in children lies in preventing associated health and development problems. Early intervention through specialist evaluation and treatment can significantly improve the quality of life of children, ensuring healthy and full development.
You might think that breathing through your mouth is neutral in terms of benefits, but this is not the case. Although in specific situations, such as during intense exercise or when the nose is stuffy, it may be necessary, the mouth breathing leads to health problems. For example, it can reduce air filtration and humidity, increasing the risk of infections and respiratory problems.
It is recommended that parents who detect signs of mouth breathing in their children seek evaluation from a specialist as soon as possible. Correct identification and treatment of this habit is vital to prevent long-term consequences on child growth and development.
