Day without major changes for the ATXwhich closed the session on Thursday, June 27 with a variation of the 0.1%until the 3,601.18 points. He ATX recorded a maximum volume of 3,605.92 points and a minimum of 3,588.72 points. The trading range for the ATX between its highest and lowest point (maximum-minimum) during this day it stood at the 0.48%.
In reference to the profitability of the last seven days, the ATX marks a decrease in 0.82%%; on the contrary, for a year now it still maintains an increase of 14.15%. He ATX is located a 4.62% below its maximum so far this year (3,775.49 points) and a 8.24% above its minimum valuation of the current year (3,327.04 points).
A stock index It is an indicator used to show the evolution of the price of a set of assetsfor which it uses data from various companies or sectors of a part of the market.
These indicators are mainly used by the stock exchanges of various countries and Each of them can be integrated by firms with specific characteristics. such as having a similar market capitalization or belonging to the same type of industry. In addition, there are some indices that only consider a handful of shares to determine their value or others that consider hundreds of shares.
Stock indices serve as indicator of confidence in the stock market, business confidence, the health of the national and global economy and the performance of stock investments and shares of an entity. Generally, if investors lack confidence, the costs of the shares would tend to fall.
They also function to measure the performance of an asset manager and allow investors to make a comparison between return and risk; measure the opportunities of a financial asset or create portfolios.
This type of indicators began to be used at the end of the 19th century after journalist Charles H. Dow. carefully investigated how company shares tended to rise or fall in price together, so he created two indices: one that contained the 20 most important railway companies (as it was the most important industry at the time), as well as 12 shares of other types of businesses
There are currently various indexes and They can be agglomerated depending on their geographical location, sectors, company size or even the type of assetFor example, the American Nasdaq index is made up of the 100 largest companies largely related to technology such as Apple (AAPL), Microsoft (MSFT), Amazon (AMZN), Facebook (FB), Alphabet (GOOG), Tesla (TSLA), Nvidia (NVDA), PayPal (PYPL), Comcast (CMCSA), Adobe (ADBE).
Each stock index has its own calculation method, but the main component is the market capitalization of each firm that comprises it. This is obtained by multiplying the day’s value of the security in the corresponding stock market by the total shares that are in the hands of investors.
Firms listed on the stock exchange are required to to present a balance sheet of its composition. This report must be published every three or six months, as the case may be.
Reading a stock index also involves paying attention to its changes over time. New indexes always open with a fixed value based on the prices of the securities on your start date, but not everyone follows this method. Therefore, it may seem misleading.
If one index rises 500 points in a day, while another only gains 20, it might seem that the former had a better return. However, if the former started the day at 30,000 points and the other at 300, it can be concluded that, in percentage terms, the gains for the latter were greater.
Between the main US stock indices There is the Dow Jones Industrial Average, better known as Dow Jones, which is made up of 30 companies. Also, the S&P 500which includes 500 of the largest companies on the New York Stock Exchange. Finally, we must mention the Nasdaq 100which brings together 100 of the largest non-financial firms.
On the other hand, the most notable indices of Europe are the Eurostoxx 50, which covers the 50 most important companies in the eurozone. He too DAX 30the main German index containing the most outstanding companies on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange; FTSE 100 of the London Stock Exchange; CAC 40 of the Paris Stock Exchange; and the IBEX 35from the Spanish stock market.
In the asian continentwe have the Nikkei 225, made up of the 225 largest companies on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. There is also the SSE Composite Indexwhich is listed as the main one in China, made up of the most relevant companies on the Shanghai Stock Exchange. Likewise, it is worth mentioning the Hang Seung Index in Hong Kong and KOSPI in South Korea.
Talking about Latin Americayou have the CPIwhich contains the 35 most prestigious firms on the Mexican Stock Exchange (BMV)At least a third of them belong to the capital of tycoon Carlos Slim.
Another is the Bovespa, made up of the 50 most important companies on the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange; he Merval from Argentina; he IPSA from Chile; the MSCI COLCAP from Colombia; he IBC of Caracas, made up of 6 companies from Venezuela.
Likewise, there are other types of global stock indices such as the MSCI Latin Americawhich includes the 137 most important companies in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru.
Likewise, there is the MSCI World, which includes 1,600 companies from 23 developed countries; he MSCI Emerging Markets, made up of more than 800 companies from developing countries; and the S&P Global 100made up of the 100 most powerful multinational firms on the planet.
