In Mexico, ovarian cancer represents 5.3 percent of diagnoses of this type in all age groups and 21 percent of gynecological cancers; In the last three decades it has had a constant increase.
This type of disease begins in the female organs responsible for producing eggs, ovaries, and is usually not detected until it spreads to the pelvis and belly. At this stage, ovarian cancer is more difficult to treat and can be fatal. It does not present symptoms in the early stages and the more advanced stages usually present symptoms, but these may be non-specific, such as loss of appetite and weight.
At the Institute of Security and Social Services for State Workers (Issste), the natural history of ovarian cancer has been changed with approach protocols and maintenance therapies, whose objective is to block mechanisms so that tumor cells do not return. appear, especially since ovarian cancer is usually treated with surgery and chemotherapy.
Initially this pathology does not present symptoms, and when it does they are usually non-specific, for this reason it is detected in advanced stages such as III and IV.
Virtually all patients undergo a surgery called exploratory laparotomy to resection the womb, and the vast majority must have an oval routine that consists of also removing the ovaries. They undergo an examination of the entire abdominal cavity because this cancer spreads, including in the liver and diaphragm vessel. Given this problem, lymph nodes are checked because the tumors have little paths, they spread through them and another route they take is through the blood, she pointed out.
Subsequently, the beneficiaries receive chemotherapy. However, 70 percent of them present a new outbreak of the pathology, generally after two years, and it is then that with maintenance therapies and lifelong surveillance it has been possible in many cases to stop the disease and have several survivals. women at 10 years.
Since 2011, antiangiogenics have been incorporated, medications that cut off the formation of blood vessels, to prevent blood and oxygen from reaching the tumor, and therefore limit growth. Also pair inhibitors, although with this, some patients may have genetic alterations or mutations in the DNA of the tumor cell, which has a defect in the replication phase.
50 percent of patients with ovarian cancer do not have heredity data, but women with a family history of breast and ovarian cancer undergo genetic testing to identify the mutations that can tell them the risk that the patient may run. , and then the family to prevent this type of circumstances.
