He Income Tax of the fourth category generates intense debates regarding whether the salary can be considered a taxable event. Some economists consider that It is unfair to punish those who earn the most while others propose that it is a tax that better distributes the burdens of the State compared to VAT.
The truth is that, according to the Institute for Argentine Social Development (IDESA), in Argentina little is taxed in relation to nations Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).
According to the entity directed by the economist Jorge Colina, On the average of the countries that make up the club of developed capitalist nations, the collection of Income Tax or Income Taxes It represents 8.3% of GDP, while in Argentina it is 1.3%.
Income Tax: how much less Argentina taxes than other countries
Thus, in Argentina it is paid in proportion less than in Chile, where the tax accounts for 2.4% of GDP, for example. The report maintains that this “allows you to avoid more regressive and distortive taxes like those that prevail in Argentina.”
“Even in Chile, a country that stands out for its low tax pressure and limited welfare state, it collects almost twice as much as Argentina with the personal income tax,” the work points out.
“In the most socially advanced countries, the personal income tax is a fundamental pillar within their tax systems,” says IDESA. For that reason, in a criticism of the Senate that eliminated the tax of fiscal package that the government sent along with the Bases Law.
For IDESA “the argument of favoring workers to reject the personal income tax is extremely hypocritical” and they point out that, in the tax collection structure of the Argentina, taxes that affect the development of the economy have greater weight and directly affect income, such as VAT, the two taxes charged on fuel, beverages, check tax and the COUNTRY tax, which increases the value of imports of inputs.
In that sense, they warn that, due to inefficiency, they seek to impose taxes that are easy to collect, which are those that penalize consumption. And they give as an example the case of the Almirante Brown Municipality, which wants to put an ecological tax on cans and disposable diapers.
An income tax
For the liberal economist Roberto Cachanosky “the income tax should be called income tax and have a flat rate of 15% or 20% to be paid after a certain minimum deductible amount and adjustable for inflation.”
“That of punishing those who earn the most with higher rates is a position of envy and resentment towards the one that is most efficient and best serves society, selling the goods and services that people demand. It is a punishment for the efficient,” he says.
On the other hand, there is a whole school of economists who support the idea that in the race for efficiency in capitalism Not all actors start from the same point. That is, some start later than others. What it would be about is that those who They earn more and contribute more to meeting State expenses, which are common to all.
Tributarians also consider that, in the In modern schemes, states try to ensure that the weight of the system falls more on people’s profits or their manifestations of wealth. and less on companies to encourage them to invest.
How many workers would pay the tax again
If the deputies They would insist on reinstating the tax in the package that the senators rejected, they would pay 1 million employees again in a dependency relationship from salaries of $1.8 million, if you are single without children, or $2.3 million if you are married with two children.
The difference is that the initial rate in this case would be 5% until it reaches 35%, when the current rate is 27%. The Government estimates collect 0.31% of GDP more for this tax. Currently, 195,729 taxpayers pay taxes.
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