Start of the climbing day for the BSE Sensex 30which begins on Monday, May 6, with slight increases in 0.3%until the 74,100.35 points, after opening. If we compare the figure with past days, the BSE Sensex 30 It reverses the value of the previous day, in which it marked a decrease of 0.17%, demonstrating that it is not capable of setting a trend in recent days.
If we consider the data from the last week, the BSE Sensex 30 registers an increase in 0.5% and in the last year it still accumulates an increase of 21.09%. He BSE Sensex 30 is located a 1.25% below its maximum of this year (75,038.15 points) and a 5.3% above its minimum valuation so far this year (70,370.55 points).
A stock index It is an indicator that is used to know the evolution of the value of a certain set of assetsso it collects data from various companies or sectors in a fragment of the market.
These indicators are mainly used by the stock exchanges of various countries and each of them can be integrated by firms with specific characteristics such as having a similar market capitalization or belonging to the same industry, there are also some indices that only take into account a handful of shares to determine their value or others that consider hundreds of shares.
Stock market indices serve as indicator of stock market confidence, business confidence, health of the national and global economy, and stock investment performance and shares of a company. Generally, if investors lack confidence, stock prices tend to fall.
Likewise, they function to measure the performance of an asset manager and allow investors to make a comparison between return and risk; measure the opportunities of a financial asset or create portfolios.
This type of indicators began to be used at the end of the 19th century after the journalist Charles H. Dow. looked closely at how company shares tended to rise or fall in price together, so he created two indices: one that contained the 20 most important railway companies (as it was the most important industry at the time), as well as 12 shares of other types of businesses
Currently in our economy there are various indices and They can associate based on their geography, sectors, company size or even the type of assetFor example, the US Nasdaq index is made up of the 100 largest companies largely related to technology such as Apple (AAPL), Microsoft (MSFT), Amazon (AMZN), Facebook (FB), Alphabet (GOOG), Tesla (TSLA), Nvidia (NVDA), PayPal (PYPL), Comcast (CMCSA), Adobe (ADBE).
Each stock index has its own way of calculating, but the main factor is the market capitalization of each firm that comprises it. This is obtained by multiplying the daily value of the bond in the corresponding stock market by the total number of shares that are in circulation in the market.
Companies listed on the stock exchange are required to present a balance of its composition. Said report must be made public every three or six months, as appropriate.
Reading a stock index also requires taking into account its variations over time. New indices always appear with a fixed value based on stock prices on your start date, but not everyone follows this method. Therefore, it can be misleading.
If one index adds 500 points in a day, while another only adds 20, it might appear that the first one performed better. But, if the first started the day at 30,000 points and the other at 300, it can be concluded that, in percentage terms, the gains for the second were greater.
Between the major US stock indices There is the Dow Jones Industrial Average, better known as Dow Jones, which is made up of 30 companies. Likewise, the S&P 500, which comprises 500 of the largest companies on the New York Stock Exchange. Finally, there appears Nasdaq 100which brings together 100 of the largest non-financial firms.
On the other hand, the most important indices of Europe are the Eurostoxx 50, which covers the 50 most important companies in the eurozone. On the other hand, the DAX 30, the main German index that contains the most outstanding companies on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange; the FTSE 100 from the London Stock Exchange; he CAC 40 from the Paris Stock Exchange; and the IBEX 35from the Spanish stock market.
In Asiathe main stock indices are the Nikkei 225, made up of the 225 largest companies on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. Also, the SSE Composite Index, is seen as the most representative of China, made up of the most prominent companies on the Shanghai Stock Exchange. The same role played by Hang Seung Index in Hong Kong and KOSPI in South Korea.
Talking about Latin Americayou have the CPIwhich contains the 35 most outstanding firms on the Mexican Stock Exchange (BMV). At least a third of them belong to the capital of magnate Carlos Slim.
Another is the Bovespa, made up of the 50 most important companies on the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange; he Merval from Argentina; he IPSA From Chile; he MSCI COLCAP from Colombia; he IBC of Caracas, made up of 6 companies from Venezuela.
Likewise, there are other types of global stock indices such as the MSCI Latin Americawhich includes the 137 most important companies in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru.
Likewise, there is the MSCI World, which includes 1,600 companies from 23 developed countries; he MSCI Emerging Markets, made up of more than 800 companies from developing countries; and the S&P Global 100made up of the 100 most powerful multinational firms on the entire planet.
